Dental dictionary download

Dentofacial orthopedics is dentistry involved in putting objects into mouths to either fix problems or prevent problems from arising. Orthodontists are dental specialists. The primary focus for an orthodontist is finding the cause for and treating dental displacement and malocclusions, which are improper bites.

Orthognathic is a type of dental surgery to correct the jaw alignment and occlusion to achieve a facial harmony. Orthognathic surgery can be performed for single or double jaw to re-position and to obtain a beautiful profile of jaw alignments. An orthotic device is a device that supports a weak or unstable joint or muscle, like a knee brace or a splint for a sprained finger.

It helps stabilize the weakened joint or muscle to allow it to heal or to keep it from worsening. It is a branch of the US Department of Labor responsible for establishing and enforcing safety and health standards in the workplace. It provides for the inspection of places of employment and the penalizing of employers who do not provide conditions that meet the established standards. Osseointegration is the process in which a dental implant attaches directly into the bone cells on the jawline so that the implant is held in place more securely.

With this, it can improve mobility and make the bone stronger. Osteotomy is usually performed during bone injuries. These surgical operation are used to correct the position of dislocated bones, broken or damaged bones. This surgical method is mostly used in all the parts of the body where bones are either damaged or collapsed. This method is mostly used in patients suffering from Osteoarthritis. Overbilling is the unethical practice of charging more than fair, necessary or common for a procedure or item.

Concerns of overbilling are rampant in the health care industry, including dentistry. An overdenture is a partial or complete denture that is removable and sits on or over teeth already present, whether they be real or artificial teeth.

This makes it unnecessary to remove the old or decayed teeth, which allows the patient to retain feeling in the teeth and prevents the jawbone from receding. The term palate is used to describe the area between someones mouth and the their nasal cavity. A general medical term that means relieving pain.

It is not a cure all but a short term method of pain relief until proper permanent treatment can be obtained. A panoramic radiograph is a panoramic scanning dental X-ray of the upper and lower jaw. It shows a two-dimensional view of a half-circle from ear to ear. Panoramic radiography is a form of tomography. For example, teeth grinding would be considered a parafunctional activity, as the main reason we possess teeth and a jaw is completely unrelated to our ability to grind them as a reaction to stress.

Parenteral means not by way of the digestion tract. Rather than eating food and digesting it through the stomach and intestines, Parenteral nutrition can be administered through an IV into a vein thus feeding the body and foregoing the digestion tract. This is generally done when a person is sick and has trouble digesting food.

Parotid glands refer to the largest of the three major salivary glands. These glands are located in the front and below the ear and behind the jaw bone. A partial denture is a denture that is used for a patient missing a section of teeth, but unable to get a bridge. It replaces teeth for cosmetic or functional reasons, but is removable.

A patient is the person receiving dental care services. This may be someone who has simply come in for a tooth cleaning or they may be receiving a more complicated treatment such as a cavity filling or root canal. A payer is someone obligated with the responsibility of taking care of the bill, or other financial duties, whether it be an individual or an institution or a company. A pediatric dentist is a dentist who has specialized skills for providing dental services to young children, especially those under the age of These dentists have a special personality to deal with young patients because they are often the first dentist that a child sees.

Any dentist who specializes his or her dental care services to meet the needs of children, ranging from birth through adolescence, is a pediatric dentist. A pedodontist is a dentist who specializes in the dental needs of children. They can provide routine care as well as treatment for cavities or other dental problems in a child. Peer Review in the Dental system is referred to as a program that settles issues between dentists and patients.

It can also include issues between insurance companies and dentists. A peer review brings someone in to oversee the issue with no obvious bias of the situation at hand.

The device used in an extraction to give the dentist enough leverage to take out the tooth and keep the patient as comfortable as they can. A percentile or a centile is a measure used in statistics indicating the value which is a given percentage of observations in a group of observations fall.

For example, the 20th percentile is the value. The periapical is the area around the base of a tooth under the gums near the root. It is considered the membrane around that area. A periapical cyst is an inflammatory growth in the mandible that is usually caused by the necrosis of a tooth that has been badly infected and not properly treated. It is usually treated with a root canal.

A periapical radiography is an x-ray technology used to provide information about the teeth and underlying bone. It shows the entire root and crown of the teeth which provides crucial information to aid in dental diagnosis. An Inraoral X-Ray taken with the X-Ray film in the mouth showing the entire tooth structure, above and below the gum and including images of the surrounding teeth.

Most commonly used to detect problems of the root and surrounding area. A periodic oral evaluation is completed by a dentist to check the health or the teeth and oral tissue. This oral evaluation is usually completed on a semi-annual basis, however can be completed more frequently if problems are noted.

This refers to a collection of pus in the mouth. These are usually infections and occur in living tooth or in the gum tissue as well. Periodontal disease is a term used for a variety of diseases that occur along the periodontal tissues. It is often also referred to as gum disease. A common periodontal disease is gingivitis.

The extensions of the potential space between a tooth and the surrounding mucosal tissue that lies over the mandible and maxilla inside the mouth is called periodontal pocket. It indicates the depth of the gingival sulcus near the point at which the gingival tissue contacts the tooth. Periodontics is defined as the branch of dentistry that concentrates on the teeth themselves and any other supporting structures around them, including the gums and jaw bone. Offers oral care to those who require more extensive oral treatment or surgery oppose to general check ups and treatments that can be attained by the family dentist.

A periodontist is a dentist that specializes in the treatment of periodontal disease, as well as the placement of dental implants. Oral inflammation is diagnosed and treated by periodontists. Periodontitis is a disease of the gums. It is characterized by inflammation in the gum tissue and tissue around the teeth. It can cause damage to the gum tissue and weakening of the bones that support teeth. It can cause teeth to loosen or tooth loss. It is largely the result of poor oral hygiene.

The term periodontium refers to the various tissues whose responsibility collectively as a group is to support the teeth, namely the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone. Periradicular periodontitis refers to the acute or chronic inflamed lesion around the apex of a root of the tooth. This is caused by bacteria invading the pulp of the tooth. Permanent Dentition are also known as permanent teeth or adult teeth. These teeth come in after you lose your baby teeth also known as your primary teeth.

These teeth you will have the rest of your life so keeping them healthy is very important. They are the adult teeth that show up after the loss of all baby teeth. There are 32 teeth for every person, and the adult teeth start to show up at age 6 on average.

The molars are usually the first to arrive, the wisdom teeth last. Pin is a slender, elongated piece of metal used for securing fixation of parts. Known as a peg for fixing the crown root of a tooth. Plaque is a nasty build up on teeth that is created by bacteria attaching itself to your tooth.

Plaque is one of the main causes of cavities, tooth decay and gum disease. Point of Service is a type of insurance plan. It is a combination of HMO and PPO plan in which patients are required to choose a primary or point of service dentist from a network. There can be referrals outside of the POS, but services may be limited. A pontic is an artificial tooth, or the part of a partial denture or dental bridge that fills in where the original tooth was. It does not include the fitting or the part of the partial denture that holds it in place.

It is only the actual artificial tooth, or the part that substitutes for the missing tooth. Dental porcelain or ceramic is a substance used to create lifelike and sturdy replacement teeth in the form of dentures, crowns, bridges and veneers.

These low maintenance substances are widely used in the dental industry. Including the molar and premolar teeth. This pertains to insurance authorization prior to a medical procedure or test in order to receive payment from the insurance company once the test has been completed and services are billed.

Precision attachments are the mechanical parts of partial dentures. They are removable and can be made of plastic, metal or both. Precision attachments aid in denture comfort as well as easing the removal of the dentures. Dentist offices usually do this estimation when a patient is having several procedures done within a certain time frame.

This gives the patient an idea of payment required at a certain time. The process of combining two or more agents having different properties that do not exist in any of the single constituent elements. A pre-existing condition was a medical term used to describe a person who had a health problem before purchasing insurance. It was used to deny coverage if they were in that category.

In regards to health insurance, a group of doctors that have agreed to provide services at a low cost. Those who have a PPO type insurance can choose from the doctors that are in the group to receive coverage.

Prefiling of fees is when a dentist submits their fees in advance of providing service to a large corporation in order to establish the dentist. A drug treatment given to a patient before a surgical or invasive medical procedure is called premedication. These drugs are typically sedative. A prepaid dental plan involves selecting a predetermined list of services from one single dental provider for a set period of time.

Services outside of the predetermined list are an additional charge. Preventative dentistry is dental work that is performed in order to keep the teeth and gums healthy for both the present and foreseeable future. This would include routine cleanings, fluoride treatments, and other work meant to keep the mouth healthy, and stop future problems from occurring.

The primary payer is the insurance policy that would be responsible for covering the claim first. In the situation of an automobile accident, the auto insurance would be the primary payer and dental insurance would be secondary. A proof of loss is showing that a surgery was done as a result of an accident or something that is a result of disease. Typically used in reference to insurance.

This is when a dentist or the dental hygienist performs a cleaning of the teeth such as removing plaque so that the individual does not get mouth diseases such as gingivitis. A prospective review is the insurer examination of a medical procedure to make sure that it is approved and covered by a the particular insurance policy. A prosthesis is an artifical implant used in a dental procedure.

These implants are constructed of foreign material in a laboratory and implanted during a dental procedure. Prosthodontics is a branch of dentistry. The focus of this branch is designing and making fittings and artificial devices for dentures, artificial teeth, and replacement parts for the mouth or jaw. They are more on the cosmetic side of dentristry. A provisional is usually a short-term fix.

Aiding in diagnosis, treatment planning and communication to the laboratory for the clinical success of definitive fixed restorations. It is a non-clinical form of dentistry. It concentrates more on helping the dental and health needs of a bigger population instead of just individual people. There are some controversy with it, due to the florination of drinking water. Dental Public Health is the specially of dentistry that promotes oral health as well as the prevention and control of dental diseases.

In , the American Dental Association recognized dental pubic health as a specialty of dentistry. A large mass of vascular tissue and cells held within a pulp chamber at the very center of a tooth, surrounded by dentin and then covered with enamel. The pulp cavity is the space in the tooth that contains the fibrovascular dental pulp. It also includes the root canal and the pulp chamber, and it is lined with odontoblasts, which is connective tissue cells that deposit dentin.

The pulp cavity is the central, hollow part of the tooth. There is a version that only takes out the infected pulp, and one where it is all cleared out.

Either way the tooth remains in the mouth. Pulpitis is the inflammation of tooth pulp, the living part of tooth which has Nerves and Blood Vessels. The pulpitis can be caused by tooth decay that penetrated though the enamel and dentin layer of tooth, dental abbesses or a trauma from grinding, clenching, any injury or thermal irritation from numerous dental procedures.

A pulpotomy is the dental procedure in which a portion of the soft interior of the tooth — the pulp — is removed and then a filling placed inside.

This procedure enables the diseased portion of the tooth to be removed, thereby protecting the remaining healthy portion. Quadrant refers to segments of the mouth. There are 4 quadrants: upper right, upper left, lower right and lower left.

These pertain to sections of teeth in a persons mouth. Pertaining to, or involving, the root of a nerve. In the case of dentistry the root of a tooth.

Can be used to describe pain coming from the root. A radiograph is an x-ray image, or a picture of the inside of a body. Radiographs use radiation to form the picture of internal structures. A ranula is a mucous-containing, dome-shaped swelling that usually occurs on the bottom of the mouth. It is often caused by trauma to the salivary glands. Recalcificationapexification is a procedure done in hopes of encouraging root repair of immature root defects.

May include placement of an artificial barrier. A re-evaluation is an appointment to check a problem already treated and addressed with a current patient, normally to see if any changes are occurring as well as positive or negative evaluations of treatment. It is to compensate someone for out of pocket expenses. It can be for anything that insurance does not cover, or for extra services. Some forms of reimbursement deal with paying back employees for buying supplies or for work trip expenses.

The replacement of a tooth that has been replaced at a previous point in time by recrafting a tooth and molding it to fit the person. A type of insurance for third party payers to disperse their risk for losses claims paid normally over a specified dollar amount. The relative value system is the method by which the value of dental procedures is determined by considering the values multiple offices and doctors proscribe to a procedure.

Any patient with dentures will occasionally need to have them adjusted due to the mouth adjusting on occasion. The dentist with do a casting of the denture area of the mouth, then use it to reline the dentures. After that is done, the dentures will fit better in the mouth. It is any dental appliance like dentures, a partial, or a retainer. They are there to help replace missing teeth, or help keep them straight in the case of a retainer.

They can be taken out when not needed and should be cleaned on a daily basis. An object for a partially toothless patient who desires to have replacement of the teeth for functional or aesthetic reasons and who cannot have a bridge. The underlying part of the tooth that is embedded in the gum line where bacteria can grow causing pressure and pain in a patients mouth.

Acrylic resin is a plastic substance derived from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. Acrylic resin is used to make casts or molded parts in the dental field. To resorb, is to break something down into its basic components, after which the components are circulated back into the bloodstream.

Resorption can occur to many different types of tissue in many animals. Retail store dentistry is a chain set up of dentists. A retainer is a device used to help align teeth before braces are applied or after they are removed.

They are typically constructed using plastic or wires. A retrograde filling is when the dentist places a filling at the top of the tooth root to fill a root canal. This is done to seal an infection. It is to review the services that have taken place after the fact. This is an assessment after surgery, treatment, etc as to how well it was performed. Revision is a form of surgery. It is done to fix problems that occurred with a previous surgery. It can be used to eliminate scar tissue from a previous surgery, or it can be done to replace or compensate for a previous implant that did not take or did not work as expected.

A risk pool when insurance companies come together to form pools to provide protection from catastrophes. Risk pooling is one of the underlying concepts of insurance its self. A risk pool is one of the forms of risk management mostly practiced by insurance companies.

With riskk pool insurance companies come together to form a pool, which can provide protection to insurance companies against any kind of accident or disaster. The part of your tooth that is connected under the gums. There are nerves and blood vessels in this area, making it easy to feel pain if something goes wrong. Root canal- A root canal is a dental procedure that replaces infected pulp within a tooth with a substitute material to prevent further damage to the tooth and maintain its functionality.

The root canal is the space below the tooth. Root caries is another name for tooth decay or cavity. Root caries is caused by the destruction of tooth material by lack of proper care or disease. An effective treatment for severe gum disease, root planing usually involves a local anesthetic to numb the area before removing the plaque and calculus on the surface of the tooth root using curettes or ultrasound.

Routes of administration are the ways in which substances enter the body. For example, aspirin would usually have an oral route of administration. Many anesthetics, like propofol, would have an intravenous route of administration. A rubber dam is a piece of equipment used to keep a tooth try during dental work and examination.

It consists of a thin sheet of rubber which surrounds the tooth with minimal discomfort for the patient. They are the group of glands found in the mouth area of every person. They produce saliva for the mouth and protect the mouth, gums and teeth from damage from dry mouth. They also contain an enzyme that helps break down some starches as well. Scaling refers to the process by which a dentist performs a deep cleaning on the teeth, even extending to underneath the outermost edges of the gum itself.

Local anesthetic is used during the procedure. A schedule of benefits is when and what procedures can be done while working within your dental providers benefits. Typically including preventative cleanings and check ups. Sealants are bonding agents used between substrates of different physical properties to form a seal between the materials. Dental sealants act as a barrier to prevent cavities. A second-opinion program is a service that some health insurance companies require.

A sedative filling is intended to be a temporary filling that is used mainly to alleviate the pain a damaged tooth can cause a patient. They are employed mostly when extensive work is needed to repair a tooth, but this work cannot be completed in a single session of operation. Self insurance is also defined as self-pay.

A self insured patient is solely responsible for all costs of procedures incurred as an out of pocket expense.

A self-funded plan is paid for by an employer. Claim costs are predicted by calculations, formulas, and equations. These costs are divided into monthly costs per employee. An employer assumes full risk in a self-funded plan. A semi-precision attachment is a type of dental device with two main parts.

The other part is merged into a prosthesis, which can be fixed or removable, in order to make it more stable. A sextant is an instrument used to determine the distance and angle between two objects. It can be used for many purposes and in dentistry is used for determining teeth alignment. It is a surgery to repair any damage or defect to the salivary duct.

It often requires a small piece of plastic to help open up and repair the damaged duct. It can also help remove any small stones that are blocking the duct as well. Sialography is an x-ray of the salivary ducts and glands. Sialography can be used as a diagnostic tool to identify abnormalities. The surgical incision of a salivary gland or duct in order to remove a calcium stone calculus , usually performed under a local anesthetic.

Site is where the infection or cavity has taken place. The site of a tooth has individual numbers and sometimes letters to identify where it is in the mouth to other hygienists or dentists. A space maintainer is a device that keeps the space in between teeth, when the space closed due to premature loss of teeth. There are many different varieties. They can be fixed stay in place or removable, they can be unilateral for one side of the mouth or bilateral both sides of the mouth.

They can also be placed on either the mandibular or maxillary arch. A space maintainer can be any combination of the aforementioned, for example, a mandibular unilateral removable space maintainer. Supernumary teeth are not currently included in this model. It is a stiff material to help keep an area straight after a broken bone has been set. A review system that looks at treatment procedures based on claims information submitted. The review should include information about the dental provider such as experience, demographics and location.

Any number of oral inflammation or ulcers affecting the membranes of either inside the mouth or on the lips. Can include cold sores, cankers and irritations caused by allergic reactions. This is a type of plan that people can purchase that will help cover any dental costs that are not covered because there has been too many dental claims. A stress breaker is a piece of equipment used in conjunction with dentures.

More specifically, it is a device used to lessen the pressure on the teeth to which a partial denture is affixed. This is used in diagnostics and even in the classrooms for teaching. Sublingual glands refer to the smallest salivary glands in the mouth. It accounts for less than 5 percent of the saliva accumulated in the mouth. They are the major salivary glands found beneath the floor of your mouth. While they weigh a mere 15 grams, they actually produce the majority of the saliva produced in your mouth.

The superficial lobe composes most of the glands, with a smaller deep lobe beneath it. A succedaneous tooth is the permanent tooth that replaces the deciduous or baby or primary tooth. It is different from an accessional tooth, because an accessional tooth does not have a primary tooth it replaces. A succedaneous tooth must replace a deciduous tooth. Supernumerary teeth are extra teeth beyond what is typical. They are usually found in the mouth, but can erupt anywhere inside your head.

They can be baby teeth or permanent. A person can have one or more supernumerary teeth and the condition is often hereditary. A suture is also referred to as a stitch. This is used to hold tissue together when needed to keep the tissue in place.

It is typically used in closing parts of the gum when surgery is performed during dental procedures. TEFRA was a United States federal law that rescinded some of the effects of the Kemp-Roth Act passed the year before , as result of ongoing recession fall in tax revenue generated over the budget deficit. In other words, it reduces budget gap through tax. Temporary removal dentures are devices that dentists will use to replace missing teeth. They are not meant to be a permanent solution, but are often used in patients who cannot afford a higher cost option, or while the patient waits for a permanent fixture to be created.

This is the joint belonging to the lower jaw. Inflammation and pain due to malfunction of the joint that connects the jaw to the side of the skull. Symptoms include stiff jaw muscles, clicking in the jaw, and possible locking of the jaw.

The termination date or expiration date is the date your dental benefits expire and you must find another means to pay for dental work or reacquire your dental benefits in some way. The term therapeutic refers to any treatment used to treat or heal a disease. It can include a treatment, therapy or drug designed to cure a condition or reduce the symptoms of the condition.

In medical billing, a third party would be considered the party beyond the patient the first party or the medical provider the second party.

This term is usually used to describe an insurance company. A combination of titanium and other chemical elements used for dental implants and casting because of their strength and durability. It can refer to a certain type of CT scan that takes images through sections, a slice at a time. It is used to get a better view of a certain area during the scan.

This is a bone like growth that happens along the inside of the jaw right below the lower teeth close to the front of the mouth and near the tongue. Transdermal is an administration route for ingredients to the skin in some way.

Transitional refers to temporary dentures that are intended for use during the healing period after teeth have been removed. They retain space in the jaw and allow it and the gums to heal before a permanent piece is installed. It is the state of going from baby teeth to adult teeth. The time period depends on each child, depending on how long it takes for the teeth to be shed and be replaced.

Transmucosal is defined as something entering across or through the mucous membranes. This could include a tube inserted through the nose or any other mucous membrane. Transostal refers to a type of dental implant which passes through the mandible through the use of metal posts. These help to prolong the life of the dental implant by making it more secure. Transseptal means passing through or between or across a septum.

For example, transseptal fibers are fibers that run from the supraalveolar cementum of one tooth, through the attached gum tissue above the septum of the alveolar bone, and into the distal cementum of the next tooth. A treatment plan is a plan of procedures, whether they are inpatient or outpatient in nature. Including medications and therapies that, together, are intended to alleviate or completely eradicate a medical condition or issue.

It has a variety of causes, some of which are spasms in the jaw muscles, unusually short jaw muscles, or it could be a symptom of tetanus. A tuberosity is defined as a large, round prominence on a bone.

Specifically, it refers to the place of attachment for muscles or ligaments. In densistry, tuberosity usually refers to the maxillary tuberosity, a large, round prominence on the upper maxilla. Type 1 individual providers are health care providers who are individuals, including physicians, psychiatrists and all sole proprietors.

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